Muscles basics into the PD patients
NF, Twitter, KB and you will Pound basics during the male and female patients that have PD get from inside the Fig. 2. We discovered that many years (male: 66 ± eleven years old, female: 68 ± 8 yrs old), state stage (male: eight.8 ± cuatro.7 years, female: 8.6 ± 5.cuatro many years), HY stage (male: 2.8 ± 0.8, female: dos.eight ± 0.7) and you can Provided (male: 501 ± 253 milligrams, female: 436 ± 233 mg) were not somewhat more anywhere between genders. NF position for men (27.six ± 11.8) is somewhat more than in females (twenty two.9 https://datingranking.net/es/citas-wiccan/ ± 14.9) (p = 0.01). Yet not, almost every other basics weren’t rather additional ranging from males and females (FB: 5.cuatro ± eleven.six and you may dos.2 ± six.eight, KB: 17.seven ± eight.seven and you will 19.six ± ten.2, LB: 2.7 ± 3.9 and step 3.5 ± 3.cuatro, respectively).
NF, FB, KB and LB angles in male and female PD patients. NF angle was significantly larger in males than in females (P < 0.05), but FB, KB and LB angles showed no significant difference between males and females
Correlations between NF, Myspace, KB, Pound basics and you will scientific predictors (many years, disease years, HY stage and you will Contributed) are given in Table step 1.
FB (r = 0.246, p < 0.01) and KB (r = 0.359, p < 0.001) angles increased significantly with advancing age. Further, NF (r = 0.197, p < 0.05) and FB (r = 0.196, p < 0.05) angles were significantly associated with disease duration. All the measured angles increased significantly with advancing HY stage: NF (r = 0.350, p < 0.001), FB (r = 0.492, p < 0.001), KB (r = 0.381, p < 0.001) and LB (r = 0.213, p < 0.05). Finally, there was a significant association between LED and FB (r = 0.243, p < 0.01), but not the other angles. DDA showed no significant relationship with any of the measured angles. Mean values of LED and DDA were 472 ± 248 mg/day and 123 ± 120 mg/day, respectively.
Multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the relationships among these four predictors as explanatory variables and each angle as a categorical response variable. HY stage was the most explanatory variable for NF (partial regression coefficient (B) = 6.578, p < 0.001), FB (B = 5.976, p < 0.001) and KB (B = 5.614, p < 0.001), while LED was the most explanatory variable for LB (B = 0.004, p = 0.002).
Laterality from 1st danger signal and you may Lb direction
The partnership ranging from laterality of your initially symptom and you will Lb angle was tested. To possess 59 patients, the original danger signal is on the right side as well as 43 clients, it actually was into the leftover (nearly symmetrical fifteen, unfamiliar step three). Twisting front side (advice regarding Pound perspective) wasn’t of area of the initial danger signal (Fig. 3).
The relationship ranging from laterality of your very first warning sign and Lb direction. Twisting top (direction from Lb position) was not from the region of the initial danger sign
Shared dating certainly mentioned bases
Table 2 shows the relationships among the measured angles. NF and KB (r = 0.275, p < 0.01), NF and LB (r = 0.250, p < 0.01), FB and KB (r = 0.335, p < 0.001), KB and LB (r = 0.225, p < 0.05) were significantly positively correlated.
We also examined the relationships among the measured angles separately by age or gender, and the results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. When subjects were divided into a younger group (age less than 70 years old; n = 57) and an older group (age over 70 years old; n = 63), significant correlations were found only in the older group, between NF and LB (r = 0.269, p < 0.05) and between FB and KB (r = 0.375, r < 0.01). As to gender, different trends were found in men (n = 66) and women (n = 54), but significant correlations were seen between NF and LB and between FB and KB in both sexes.